By WWII, scientists had already begun looking at alternative gelling substances for routine use in bacteriology, but concluded that agar was still better as it is both firmer and easier to handle. Today, some specialized microbiology applications use the colloid carrageenan (extracted from red seaweed Chondrus crispus, or “Irish Moss”), a more transparent and less auto-fluorescent alternative to agar (agar emits its own background fluorescence when excited by light). However, for routine bacteriological use, carrageenan is more difficult to dissolve, requires higher concentrations, can degrade at high temperatures, and forms weaker gels, which may result in puncturing its surface during the plating of cells.
演說頻頻被共和黨議員的歡呼打斷，但在特朗普談到關稅時，引發民主黨低語，以及共和黨議員的不自在沉默——許多共和黨人對關稅的經濟成本感到不安，也擔心其不受歡迎會影響選舉前景。，推荐阅读爱思助手下载最新版本获取更多信息
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13:53, 27 февраля 2026РоссияЭксклюзив
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